Združba bukve in zasavske konopnice je conalna gozdna združba najvišjih vrhov visokogorskega sveta preddinarskega fitogeografskega območja in Pohorja na nadmorskih višinah od 900 (800) do 1200 (1300) metrov. Geološko matično podlago na preddinarskem območju gradijo apnenci z roženci, dolomitni apnenci in srednjetriadni dolomiti. Najpogostejši so apnenci z roženci, na njih prevladujejo rahlo do zmerno kisla rjava pokarbonatna tla z zelo ugodno strukturo. Na dolomitih so rendzine različnih razvojnih stopenj. Na pohorskem masivu prevladujejo silikatne kamnine, na katerih so distrična rjava tla s prhnino in sprstenino. Prevladuje celinska klima s povprečno letno temperaturo od 5 do 6^o C in relativno veliko padavinami, od 1100 do 1300 mm. Sneg leži pozno v pomlad.

Diagnostična kombinacija rastlinskih vrst
Drevesna plast: bukev (Fagus sylvatica), beli javor (Acer pseudoplatanus); na Pohorju - navadna smreka (Picea abies) in bela jelka (Abies alba).
Grmovna plast: Acer pseudoplatanus, Daphne mezereum, Fagus sylvatica, Lonicera alpigena, L. xylosteum, Rosa pendulina, Rubus hirtus.
Zeliščna plast: Actaea spicata, Adoxa moschatellina, Anemone nemorosa, Athyrium filix-femina, Cardamine trifolia, Dentaria bulbifera, D. trifolia, Dryopterix filix-mas, Euphorbia dulcis, Galium odoratum, Gentiana asclepiadea, Lilium martagon, Merculiaris perennis, Oxalis acetosella, Paris quadrifolia, Polygonatum verticillatum, Prenanthes purpurea, Ranunculus lanuginosus, Scrophularia nodosa, Senecio ovatus, Symphytum tuberosum, Veratrum album subsp. lobelianum.

Biocenotska zgradba je stabilna. Prevladujejo enodobni do raznodobni skoraj čisti bukovi gozdovi. Na Pohorju se v sestojih pojavljata tudi jelka in smreka, tako da lahko ločimo geografsko varianto z jelko. Grmovna plast je srednje do slabo razvita in jo v glavnem sestavlja podmladek prevladujočih drevesnih vrst in nekatere prave grmovnice. Vse razvojne faze po golosekih potekajo preko podmladka bukve in javorja.

Lepo gojeni gozdovi imajo velik gospodarski pomen zaradi izredno kakovostnega bukovega tehničnega lesa.

Združbo bukve in zasavske mlaje uvrščamo v zvezo Aremonio-Fagion.

The Cardamini savensi–Fagetum is a zonal association of the highest peaks in the predinaric phytogeographic region and of the upper parts of the Pohorje mountain range. It grows at an altitude of 900 (800) to 1,200 (1,300) meters. The geological bedrock in the predinaric region consists of limestone with chert, dolomite limestone, and Triassic dolomite. Limestone with chert dominates, and slightly to moderately acid chromic Cambisol with a favourable structure prevails. On dolomite, rendzic Leptosol of various developmental stages can be found. The geological material on Pohorje consists of silicate matomorphic and igneous rocks where distric Cambisol with mull and moder humus types appears. A continental climate is prevalent with an average annual temperature of 5° C to 6° C and relatively high precipitation ranging from 1,100 to 1,300 mm per year. Snow remains relatively late in the spring.

Diagnostic combination of plant species
Tree layer: Fagus sylvatica, Acer pseudoplatanus; on the Pohorje – Picea abies and Abies alba.
Shrub layer: Acer pseudoplatanus, Daphne mezereum, Fagus sylvatica, Lonicera alpigena, Lonicera xylosteum, Rosa pendulina, Rubus hirtus.
Herb layer: Actaea spicata, Adoxa moschatellina, Anemone nemorosa, Athyrium filix-femina, Cardamine trifolia, Dentaria bulbifera, D. trifolia, Dryopterix filix–mas, Euphorbia dulcis, Galium odoratum, Gentiana asclepiadea, Lilium martagon, Merculiaris perennis, Oxalis acetosella, Paris quadrifolia, Polygonatum verticillatum, Prenanthes purpurea, Ranunculus lanuginosus, Scrophularia nodosa, Senecio ovatus, Symphytum tuberosum, Veratrum album subsp. lobelianum.

The forests have a stabile biocenotic structure. Even to variously-aged stands with nearly pure beech stands prevail. In the Pohorje region, European silver fir (Abies alba) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) appear, and the geographical race Abies alba can be distinguished. The shrub layer is medium to poorly developed. The progeny of the dominant tree species appear as well as some shrub species. All processes on clearcuttings develop over stages of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus).

Well-cultivated forests have a high economic importance due to the high quality construction wood.

The Cardamini savensi–Fagetum is classified in the alliance Aremonio–Fagion.

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Košir Ž. 1979: Ekološke, fitocenološke in gozdnogospodarske lastnosti Gorjancev v Sloveniji. Zbornik gozdarstva in lesarstva 17, 242 s.
Marinček L. 1987: Bukovi gozdovi Slovenije. Delavska enotnost, Ljubljana. 153 s.