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ZDRUŽBA BUKVE IN VELECVETNE MRTVE KOPRIVE
Lamio orvalae–Fagetum (I. Horvat 1938) Borhidi 1963
Gozdovi bukve in velecvetne mrtve koprive so conalni gozdovi spodnje gorske stopnje v nadmorskih višinah od 600 do 900 m. V Sloveniji pokrivajo velike površine v zahodnem in osrednjem delu predalpskega in tudi preddinarskega območja. Strmina je zmerna, mestoma so zakraseli platoji. Navadno je zelo izražena površinska kamnitost; prevladujejo osojne lege. Ta rastišča so pod vplivom vlažnega gorskega podnebja, povprečna letna temperatura je še vedno relativno visoka, vegetacijsko obdobje pa relativno dolgo. Povprečna letna temperatura je od 6 do 7o C in ni izrazitih nihanj. Geološka podlaga so predvsem apnenci, redkeje dolomitni apnenci in dolomiti. Najpogostejša so plitva do srednje globoka, zelo skeletna rjava pokarbonatna tla, ki se prepletajo s srednje globokimi rendzinami. Diagnostična kombinacija rastlinskih vrst Gorski bukovi gozdovi imajo trdno biocenotsko zgradbo; tudi po večjih golosekih potekajo vse razvojne smeri gozda preko bukve. Gorski bukovi gozdovi spadajo med najkakovostnejše bukove gozdove pri nas. Gozdov na rstiščih te združbe niso krčili za kmetijsko rabo. Združbo bukve in velecvetne mrtve koprive uvrščamo v zvezo Aremonio-Fagion. |
The forests of the Lamio orvalae–Fagetum are zonal forests of the lower part of the mountain belt and grow at altitudes of 600 to 900 meters. In Slovenia, they cover large surface areas in the western and central part of the prealpine and predinaric regions. The inclinations are moderate with karst plateaus in places. Generally, the surface stoniness is rather conspicuous. Shady slopes predominate. The mean annual temperatures of the humid mountain climate are relatively high, and the growth period is relatively long. The mean annual temperature is from 6° C to 7° C without conspicuous oscillations. The parent material consists of limestone with occasional dolomite limestone and dolomite. Most frequent shallow to medium deep, very skeletal chromic Cambisol soils are interspersed with medium deep rendzic Leptosols. Diagnostic combination of plant species Mountain beech forests have a close biocenotic structure; all the developmental stages of the forest can be noticed via beech tree in larger clearings. Mountain beech forests belong among the highest quality beech forests in Slovenia. The sites of this association were not transformed into agricultural use. The Lamio orvalae–Fagetum is classified in the alliance Aremonio–Fagion. |
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