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ZDRUŽBE ČRNE JELŠE
Alnetum glutinosae s. lat.
Gozdovi črne jelše so na
močvirskih rastiščih in ob vodotokih. V glavnem naseljujejo tri različne
habitate z različnimi tipi glejnih tal. Na zelo vlažnih mineralno revnih
tleh, ki jih občasno poplavlja talna voda, uspeva združba črne jelše in
podaljšanega šaša (Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae). Združba
črne jelše in migaličnega šaša (Carici brizoidis-Alnetum glutinosae)
porašča občasno poplavljena mineralno bogata rastišča. Tretjo skupino
habitatov ob potokih, koder so tla pod vplivom talne in površinske vode,
naseljuje združba črne jelše in gozdne zvezdice (Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae).
Diagnostična kombinacija rastlinskih vrst
Sestoji črne jelše so precej ogroženi, saj so v preteklosti močvirska in vlažna rastišča intenzivno osuševali. Rastišča, kjer so izkrčili gozdove črne jelše, so spremenili v vlažne travnike. Kjer so bile opravljene melioracije, so danes poljedelske površine. Združbo Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae uvrščamo v zvezo Alnion glutinosae, združbo Carici brizoides-Alnetum v zvezo Erythronio-Carpinion in združbo Stellario-Alnetum v zvezo Alnion incanae. |
These alder forests occur on swampy sites and along watercourses. They are mainly located in three different habitats characterized by different types of Gleysols. The Carici elongatae–Alnetum glutinosae grows on very moist mineral-poor soils that are periodically flooded by underground water. The Carici brizoidis–Alnetum glutinosae grows on periodically flooded sites that are rich in minerals. The third group of habitats located along creeks where the soil is influenced by ground and surface waters is populated by the Stellario nemorum–Alnetum glutinosae. Diagnostic combination of plant species:
These stands of alder are quite threatened since marshes and wet land were intensively drained in the past. Sites where forests of alder (Alnus glutinosa) were cut have been converted to wet meadows. Where melioration work took place, there are now agricultural areas. The association Carici elongatae–Alnetum glutinosae is classified in the alliance Alnion glutinosae, the association Carici brizides–Alnetum into the alliance Erythronio–Carpinion, and the association Stellario–Alnetum into the alliance Alnion incanae. |
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